Membranebased processes for sustainable power generation. This paper presents the three most practical options. Pressure retarded osmosis osmotic power osmotic membranes osmotically driven membrane processes renewable energy the energy released from the mixing of freshwater with saltwater is a source of renewable energy that can be harvested using pressure retarded osmosis pro. Osmotic power huge source of renewable energy avinash mishra abstract the need for renewable energy resources has never been bigger then today. In this study the applicability of pressure retarded osmosis power generation was investigated in order to fulfil current electricity demand in sir lanka. The development of highly efficient membranes at affordable cost would determine the profitability of this renewable energy source in the next years 92. Although the reverse osmosis ro membrane process has been employed. Performance limiting effects in power generation from. A new study conducted at mit suggests that tweaking the size of a costly membrane could help make pressureretarded osmosis pro much more competitive. Thinfilm composite pressure retarded osmosis membranes for sustainable power generation. Extraction of osmotic power through pressureretarded osmosis. In power generating terms, a pressure retarded osmosis pro energy generating plant, on a river entering a sea or ocean, is equivalent to a hydroelectric dam with a height of about 60 meters. Thinfilm composite pressure retarded osmosis membranes for. Sustainable energy can be harnessed from fluids of differing salinity using a process known as pressure retarded osmosis pro.
Membranes for power generation by pressure retarded osmosis. Salinity gradient technologies generate electricity from the chemical pressure differential created by differences in ionic concentration between freshwater and saltwater. Moreover, it can recover energy from highly concentrated brine in seawater desalination. The pressure retarded osmosis pro process will operate with filtered fresh water pumped into modules containing membrane. Pressure retarded osmosis pro process is a renewable and green technology with zero carbon emission to the environment. Ngai yin yip and his research team are advancing technologies to address challenges at the nexus of water, energy, and the environment. Membranes in salinity gradient power generation chris dotremont vito. The lab is currently developing new materials and methods for energy efficient desalination, investigating a novel membrane based technique to harness lowgrade heat, and exploring innovative physicochemical strategies for resource recovery from waste streams. Fullscale 25 mw osmotic power plant is planned to build by 2015. Compared to red, pro shows greater efficiency and higher power density and is more suitable to extract power.
The potential resource for the osmotic pairing of fresh water and. Outline motivation introduction osmosis osmotic power principle pressure retarded osmosis pro construction components operation experimental results advantages disadvantages future scope conclusion. Renewable energy generation and recovery offers the first comprehensive resource on this method of generating renewable energy. Osmotic power, a new renewable source of energy the mixing of freshwater and seawater where rivers flows into the salty ocean releases large amounts of energy that can be used for power production. Analysis and optimization of pressure retarded osmosis for. However, in the last decade, the interest in osmotically driven processes, such as forward osmosis fo and pressure retarded osmosis pro, has increased. Analysis and optimization of pressure retarded osmosis for power. Power production of membrane prototypes tfc membrane. Pressure retarded osmosis pro was investigated as a viable source of renewable energy. Osmotic powerpower production based on the osmotic pressure. The hybrid ohe system produces sustainable energy by combining pressure retarded osmosis pro as a power generation stage and membrane distillation md utilizing lowgrade heat as a separation. Its based on the materials striving after equality. Pdf pressureretarded osmosis for power generation from.
Novel fabrication perspectives have been demonstrated to molecularly construct robust hollow fiber membrane supports for high performance thin. Osmotic power, salinity gradient power or blue energy is the energy available from the difference in the salt concentration between seawater and river water. Hollow fiber membranes for osmotic power generation via. In the 1970s pressure retarded osmosis pro as a membranebased separation process was proposed to extract the osmotic energy from the sea. Osmotic power submitted by, snehitha bolla2619442 raja sandeep 2660330 2. In this process water is drawn naturally from a low salinity feed solution across a semipermeable membrane to.
In this study, the applicability of pressure retarded osmosis power generation. Therefore, pro can add significantly to existing renewable power generation capacity if economical constrains of the method are resolved. Nanofiber supported thinfilm composite membrane for pressure. Two membrane processes can be used to extract this energy, namely pressure retarded osmosis. Osmosis and pressure retarded osmosis pro the osmotic power concept plant designsmembrane development and. Forschungszentrum geesthacht gmbh, institut fur polymerforschung, max. This work presents the fabrication of thinfilm composite membranes customized for high performance in pressure retarded osmosis.
Osmotic power, or pressureretarded osmosis, was first conceived by prof. Performance limiting effects in power generation from salinity gradients by pressure retarded osmosis ngai yin yip and menachem elimelech department of chemical and environmental engineering, yale university, new haven, connecticut 065208286, united states bs supporting information introduction. Unpredictable requires large control effort calmerwaters are also abundant in energy osmosis is the key. His research focuses on membrane synthesis, membrane module production, process design and pilot testing for osmotic power generation by pressure retarded osmosis. Breakthrough osmosis and unusually high power densities in pressureretarded osmosis in nonideally semipermeable supported membranes skip to main content thank you for visiting. Thinfilm composite pressure retarded osmosis membranes. Two practical methods for this are reverse electrodialysis red and pressure retarded osmosis pro. The enormous potential of harvesting energy from salinity gradients has been discussed for decades, and pressureretarded osmosis pro is being increasingly investigated as a method to extract this energy. A watersoluble zwitterionic random copolymer with superior hydrophilicity and unique chemistry was molecularly designed and synthesized via a singlestep freeradical polymerization between 2. For the first time, we found that the desirable hollow fiber supports should possess high stretch resistance and acceptable ductility. Pdf the forward osmosispressure retarded osmosis fo. Mit study could slash the cost of renewable osmotic power. Membrane based processes for sustainable power generation using water. The effects of membrane properties hydraulic permeability and masstransfer characteristics, design conditions inlet osmotic pressures, inlet.
Thinfilm composite pressure retarded osmosis membranes for sustainable power generation from salinity gradients ngaiyinyip,albertotiraferri,williama. Emerging membranes, materials, processes and applications. Osmotic power generation seminar report, ppt, pdf for. Osmotic energy and pressure retarded osmosis request pdf. Robust and high performance pressure retarded osmosis hollow fiber membranes for osmotic power generation. The bulky support layers of the reverse osmosis membranes cause. Membranes for power generation by pressure retarded osmosis dr. In pro, water from a low salinity feed solution permeates through a membrane into a pressurized, high salinity draw solution.
Pdf power generation with pressure retarded osmosis. Osmosis and pressure retarded osmosis pro the osmotic power concept plant designs. The present study evaluated the performance of polymeric hollow fiber membranes in the pressure retarded osmosis pro process for power generation. Pressure retarded osmosis pro is a technique to separate a solvent for example, fresh water from a solution that is more concentrated e. Explore osmotic power generation with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format.
Membrane technology for osmotic power generation by. Robust and high performance pressure retarded osmosis. Also explore the seminar topics paper on osmotic power generation with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year mechanical engineering me or production automobile students for the year 2019 2020. The potential for power production from salinity gradients by. Materials for nextgeneration desalination and water. Aspects of mathematical modelling of pressure retarded osmosis. The polyethersulfone pes membrane support was modified by coating with polydopamine pda. The technique can be used to generate power from the salinity gradient energy resulting from the difference in the salt. We anticipate that the contributions to this session will allow the participants to explore. Preparation, modification and characterization of polymeric. A model has been developed for obtaining the projected performance of membranes in pressureretarded osmosis pro from direct osmosis and reverse osmosis measurements. Modelbased analysis and optimization of pressure retarded osmosis pro for power generation is focused. Hoover,yuchangkim,and menachem elimelech department of chemical and environmental engineering, yale university, new.
The mixing of freshwater and seawater where rivers flows into the salty ocean releases large amounts of energy that can be used for power production. Reverse osmosis ro is a modern process technology to purify water for a wide range of applications, including semiconductors, food processing, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, power generation, seawater desalting, and municipal drinking water. Despite advancements in membranes and system components, questions still remain regarding the overall. Osmotic power pressure retarded osmosis power production ef.
From initial experiments conducted in the 1950s which produced a few. Conceptual representation of an energy production scheme based on pressure retarded osmosis pro. A new study conducted at mit suggests that tweaking the size of a costly membrane could help make pressure retarded osmosis pro much more competitive. Membranebased separations for water purification and desalination have been increasingly applied to address the global challenges of water scarcity and the pollution of aquatic environments. The enormous potential of harvesting energy from salinity gradients has been discussed for decades, and pressure retarded osmosis pro is being increasingly investigated as a method to extract this energy. A model has been developed for obtaining the projected performance of membranes in pressureretarded osmosis pro from direct osmosis and reverse. Membrane development and discussion cellulose acetate membrane. Onedimensional analytical modeling of pressure retarded. For the first time, we found that the desirable hollow fiber supports should possess high stretch resistance and. The potential for power production from salinity gradients. In the past four decades, membrane development has occurred based on the demand in pressure driven processes.
Pressureretarded osmosis for power generation from salinity gradients. Dec 12, 2007 membranes for power generation by pressure retarded osmosis dr. Robust and high performance pressure retarded osmosis hollow. Breakthrough osmosis and unusually high power densities.
A relative unknown, renewable energy resource is osmosis. Despite advancements in membranes and system components, questions still remain regarding the overall viability of the pro process. Journal of membrane science, 8 1981 141171 141 elsevier scientific publishing company, amsterdam printed in the netherlands membranes for power generation by pressure retarded osmosis k. Pressure retarded osmosis and forward osmosis membranes. A facile and versatile approach was demonstrated for the fabrication of lowfouling pressure retarded osmosis pro membranes for osmotic power generation from highly polluted wastewater. We address one of the critical challenges of advance pro by introducing a novel electrospun nanofibersupported thinfilm composite pro membrane platform. The forward osmosispressure retarded osmosis fopro hybrid system. Journal of membrane science, 8 1981 141171 elsevier scientific publishing company, amsterdam printed in the netherlands 141 membranes for power generation by pressureretarded osmosis k. Pro has the potential to convert the osmotic pressure difference between fresh water i. Pdf thinfilm composite pressure retarded osmosis membranes. Pressure retarded osmosis pro is a novel membrane process to produce energy. He has been awarded the chinese outstanding phd student study abroad, aichesls young researcher award and forbes 30 under 30 asia. Pdf pressureretarded osmosis for power generation from salinity. Power generation by reverse electrodialysis in a singlelayer nanoporous membrane made from corerim polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Compared to red, pro shows greater efficiency and higher power density and is more suitable to extract power from high salinity gradients 5. The pressure retarded osmosis power plant is similar to a reverse osmosis desalination plant running backwards. Membranes for power generation by pressureretarded osmosis. Progress in pressure retarded osmosis pro membranes for osmotic power generation article in progress in polymer science 51 july 2015 with 882 reads how we measure reads. This byproduct is the result of natural forces that. Applicability of pressure retarded osmosis power generation. Membranebased salinity gradient processes for water.
Journal of membrane science the potential for power production. Khaled touati and the team of editors combine their expertise with contributions from other leaders in the field to create this wellrounded resource, which discusses and analyses this novel method of creating a controllable renewable. A new process to mitigate membrane fouling for sustainable osmotic power generation. Membranebased salinity gradient processes for water treatment and power generation focuses on the various types of membrane based salinity gradient processes that can be applied for desalination. Thinfilm composite pressure retarded osmosis membranes for sustainable power generation from salinity gradients. Two main technology types, reverse electrodialysis red and pressureretarded osmosis pro, make use of semipermeable membranes. Membrane technology for osmotic power generation by pressure retarded osmosis crc press book osmotic energy can be effectively harvested through pressure retarded osmosis pro which is the most widely investigated technology due to its greater efficiency and higher power density output and effective membranes are the heart of the pro technology. The forward osmosis pressure retarded osmosis fopro hybrid system. Membrane technology for osmotic power generation by pressure. In pro, water from a low salinity solution permeates. We also present the development of a theoretical model to predict the water flux in pressure retarded osmosis, from which we can predict the power density that can be achieved by a membrane. A semipermeable membrane allows the solvent to pass to the concentrated solution side by osmosis.
Membrane based salinity gradient processes for water treatment and power generation focuses on the various types of membrane based salinity gradient processes that can be applied for desalination. Pressure retarded osmosis an overview sciencedirect topics. Straub, akshay deshmukh and menachem elimelech department of chemical and environmental engineering, yale university, p. Progress in pressure retarded osmosis pro membranes for. Salinity gradient through a membrane is the key parameter in osmotic. Seawater has a higher osmotic pressure than freshwater due to its high concentration of salt. Osmotic powerpower production based on the osmotic. Hybrid pressure retarded osmosis membrane distillation system for power generation from lowgrade heat. Topics cover salinity gradient processes for desalination, such as forward osmosis fo and pressure retarded osmosis pro, with chapters selected exclusively from a number of worldleading experts.
Osmosis and pressure retarded osmosis pro the osmotic power concept plant designs membrane development and. In 1976, sidney loeb proposed pressure retarded osmosis pro as a novel application for osmotic membranes 11,12. Power generation by reverse electrodialysis in a single. Two membrane processes can be used to extract this energy, namely pressure retarded osmosis pro and reverse electrodialysis. Pro energy generation relies on a semipermeable membrane that is. Advanced antifouling membranes for osmotic power generation. This energy could be harvested for power generation using membranebased technologies such as pressure retarded osmosis pro and reverse electrodialysis red. Osmotic energy can be effectively harvested through pressure retarded osmosis pro which is the most widely investigated technology due to its greater efficiency and higher power density output and effective membranes are the heart of the pro technology. Aug 15, 2012 the development of pro has been hindered for many years by the lack of a membrane capable of allowing an adequate flow 22,23,26,27. Pressureretarded osmosis for power generation from. The preparation of customized membranes is essential for the development of these technologies. Osmotic energy is a completely renewable source that utilizes the mixing entropy of two solutions with different salinity. A model has been developed for obtaining the projected performance of membranes in pressure retarded osmosis pro from direct osmosis and reverse osmosis measurements. Pro experiments are indeed difficult to carry out and some workers have therefore performed reverse osmosis ro experiments and extrapolated their results to pro.
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